由 caicai8478 The following is a summary of the key points of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) on strict restrictions on dangerous goods transported by air, which is suitable for reference in professional scenarios:
I. Basic principles
Items prohibited from transportation
Extremely dangerous materials (such as explosives, highly toxic chemicals, and radioactive materials exceeding the limit) are absolutely prohibited from being transported by passenger aircraft, and some are only allowed to be transported by cargo aircraft.
Dangerous goods that have not passed the UN classification test or whose packaging does not meet the standards shall not be transported by air.
Classification and identification
Classified according to the United Nations’ 9 major categories of dangerous goods, including explosives, gases, flammable liquids/solids, oxidizers, toxic substances, radioactive substances, etc. (UN numbers and correct shipping names must be provided).
II. Key restrictions
Packaging specifications
UN certified packaging must be used and pass drop, pressure, and sealing tests.
Inner and outer packaging must be protected in layers and marked with direction arrows (↑) and packaging levels (I/II/III).
Marking and labeling
Outer packaging must be clearly marked:
UN number (such as UN1263)
Correct shipping name (such as “paint” instead of “chemical”)
Hazard label (such as flammable liquid Class 3)
Lithium batteries must be affixed with Class 9 labels and lithium battery-specific marks (such as UN3480).
Document requirements
Dangerous Goods Declaration (Shipper’s Declaration): signed by the shipper, including UN number, category, packaging type, etc.
The air waybill (AWB) must indicate “Dangerous Goods as per attached DGD”.
Quantity restrictions
Single package weight limit for passenger aircraft transportation is strict (such as flammable liquid ≤5L/package).
Some dangerous goods (such as dry ice, lithium batteries) have weight/capacity limits (such as lithium metal batteries ≤2g lithium content).
III. Special Items Regulations
Lithium Batteries
Lithium-ion batteries can only be transported when the charge is ≤30% (unless otherwise approved).
Individually packaged to prevent short circuits and placed in a sturdy outer box.
Infectious substances
Must comply with UN2814/UN2900 standards and use a triple packaging system (primary container + waterproof layer + rigid outer box).
Magnetic materials
Must pass the magnetic field strength test (magnetic field ≤0.159 A/m at 2.1m from the surface).
IV. Operation and emergency
Qualifications of personnel
Shippers, freight forwarders and crew members must complete regular IATA DGR training (refresher training every 2 years).
Emergency measures
When a leak occurs during transportation, isolate and report according to the Emergency Response Manual (such as radioactive materials require ≥15m isolation area).
V. Consequences of violations
Failure to declare or incorrect declaration may result in a fine of up to US$100,000 per time (depending on the laws and regulations of each country).
Airlines have the right to reject non-compliant goods and trace responsibility.
Tip: Specific operations must be combined with the latest version of IATA DGR (updated annually) and local civil aviation regulations. It is recommended to obtain complete rules through official channels or consult a professional dangerous goods transportation consultant.