由 caicai8478 I. Core Regulatory Framework for Exporting Magnetic Products
1.1 Overview of the EU Regulatory System
Level 1 Regulations (Directly Applicable):
- IATA DGR 65 (Latest Air Transport Regulations 2024)
- IMDG Code 2024 (International Maritime Dangerous Goods Regulations)
- ADR 2023 (European Road Transport Agreement)
Level 2 Regulations (Implemented by Member States):
- Germany: Gefahrgutverordnung See (GGVSee)
- France: Arrêté du 29 mai 2009
- Netherlands: Regeling vervoer over land van gevaarlijke stoffen
Special Requirements:
- Aviation Safety: EC 300/2008 (Aviation Security Regulations)
- Environmental Protection: REACH Regulation (Registration of Chemicals for Magnetic Materials)
- Energy Efficiency Standards: ErP Directive (Applicable to Magnetic Products Related to Motors)
1.2 Critical Values and Classification of Magnetic Strength
Magnetic Strength Standards:
- Strong Magnetic Products: Magnetic field strength at any point outside the packaging ≥ 0.159 A/m (0.002 Gauss)
- Weak Magnetic Products: Magnetic field strength < 0.159 A/m
- Exemptions: Completely demagnetized products, products used in low magnetic field applications
Measurement Methods:
- Measure at a distance of 4.6 meters from the packaging surface
- Use a calibrated gaussmeter
- Record the maximum value and direction
- Issue a third-party test report
II. Product Certification and Testing Requirements
2.1 Mandatory Certification List
Certification Type Applicable Products Test Standard Validity Period Fee Range
Magnetic Test Report All Strong Magnetic Products IATA DGR 3.9.2.5 1 year €300-800
CE Certification Including Electrical/Electronic Components EN 60335/EN 61000 Long-term €1500-5000
RoHS Testing Including Restricted Substances EN IEC 63000 Long-term €500-1500
REACH Registration SVHC Containing Substances Based on Tonnage Long-term €2000+
EMC Testing Electronic Products EN 55032/55035 Long-term €1000-3000
2.2 Testing Laboratory Selection Criteria
text Qualified Laboratory Characteristics:
✓ CNAS/ILAC International Accreditation
✓ Familiar with the latest version requirements of IATA/IMDG
✓ Able to provide English test reports
✓ Has an accredited branch in the EU
✓ Fast report production capability (5-7 working days)
Required Contents of Test Report:
- Product photos and detailed description
- Test equipment model and calibration date
- Measurement location diagram
- Magnetic field strength data table
- Conclusion on compliance with transportation requirements
- Signature of test engineer and laboratory stamp
III. Professional Packaging Solutions
3.1 Magnetic Shielding Packaging Design
text Multi-layer protective structure:
First layer: Product fixation
- Custom molded cavity using shockproof foam
- Nylon straps or foam blocks for fixation
- Preventing Friction During Transportation
Second Layer: Magnetic Shielding
- High Permeability Material: Permalloy (μ≥100,000)
- Economical Alternative: Silicon Steel Sheet or Galvanized Steel Plate
- Thickness Requirement: At least 0.5mm continuous coverage
Third Layer: Cushioning Protection
- Polyethylene Foam (Thickness≥3cm)
- Air Column Cushion Bag (Double Protection)
- Edge Reinforced Corner Protection
Fourth Layer: Outer Packaging
- UN Standard Corrugated Cardboard Box (Certification Number)
- Wooden Frame Box (Suitable for Heavy Goods)
- Waterproof and Moisture-proof Treatment
3.2 Special Packaging Technologies
Demagnetizing Packaging: Intelligent packaging with built-in demagnetizing coils
Direction Marking: Clear marking of magnetic field direction and polarity
Separation Packaging: Magnetic shielding partitions between multiple products
Temperature Control: Special packaging for temperature-sensitive magnetic materials
3.3 Packaging Marking and Labeling
Text: The outer carton must be marked with:
- Magnetic Material Label (Class 9 Dangerous Goods)
- Size: 100×100mm (Minimum)
- Color: White on top, black on the bottom, 7 red vertical stripes
- Operation Labels
- “Keep away from magnetically sensitive equipment”
- “Keep dry”
- “This side up”
- Shipping Information
- UN Number: UN2807 (Magnetic Materials)
- Official Shipping Name: Magnetic Substance
- Complete Shipper/Consignee Information
- Special Notes
- Magnetic Field Strength Data
- Demagnetization Certificate Number (if applicable)
- Emergency Contact Number
IV. Transportation Method Selection and Operation Procedures
4.1 Comparison and Analysis of Transportation Methods
Transportation Method | Applicable Product Type | Advantages | Limitations | Cost Index
Air Freight – Passenger Aircraft | Small batches, high value | Fast transit time (3-7 days) | Strict security checks | 100
Air Freight – Cargo Aircraft | Medium-sized magnetic equipment | Large capacity | Fewer routes | 80
FCL Sea Freight | Bulk magnetic materials | Lowest cost | Slow transit time (30-45 days) | 20
LCL Sea Freight | Small to medium batches | Flexible | Requires coordination | 30
China-Europe Railway Express Various Magnetic Products Balance (18-25 days) Winter Impact 40
European Airline Emergency Replenishment Door-to-Door Capacity Limit 60
4.2 Complete Transportation Operation Process
Phase 1: Pre-shipment Preparation (7-10 days in advance)
- Product testing completed, valid report obtained
- Professional packaging completed and photos taken for archiving
- Complete shipping documents
- Book dangerous goods space
- Purchase sufficient transportation insurance
Phase 2: Domestic Operations (2-3 days)
- Pick up goods and check packaging integrity
- Temporary storage in domestic dangerous goods warehouse
- Export declaration to Chinese customs
- Security check and X-ray inspection
- Loading onto international transport vehicle
Phase 3: International Transportation (depending on mode)
- Monitoring during transit
- Transit station handling
- Destination port/station operations
Phase 4: European Customs Clearance and Delivery (3-5 days)
- EU customs declaration
- Payment of customs duties and VAT
- 4. Unpacking at the local hazardous materials warehouse
- Final delivery to the consignee
- Customs Clearance Guide
5.1 EU Customs Declaration Key Points
List of Declaration Documents:
Core Documents:
- Commercial Invoice (Note: HS Code 85051100/85051900)
- Packing List (magnetic products should be listed separately)
- Magnetic Test Report (English version)
- Transport Declaration (including UN2807)
- Certificate of Origin
Supplementary Documents (depending on product type):
- CE Declaration of Conformity and Technical Documents
- RoHS Declaration of Conformity
- REACH Registration Number or SVHC Notification
- Product Instructions (English/Local Language)
- Authorized Representative Information (if applicable)
Tariff Information:
- Basic Tariff: 0-4.5% (depending on specific product)
- Value Added Tax: 20-27% (varies by country)
- Additional Taxes: Anti-dumping duties may apply
5.2 Special Requirements for Major Countries
Country Special Requirements Registration/Filing Marking Language Customs Clearance Time
Germany Packaging Law Registration LUCID Number German 1-2 days
France Triman Mark Producer Responsibility French 2-3 days
Netherlands No Special Requirements None English 1 day
UK UKCA Mark Independent Registration English 2-3 days
Italy SCIP Notification None Italian 2-4 days
Poland No Special Requirements None Polish 1-2 days
5.3 Customs Inspection Response Strategies
Common Inspection Reasons:
- Incomplete documents or inconsistent information
- Vague product description
- Value declaration issues
- Random inspection
Preparation:
□ Prepare inspection document package in advance (paper + electronic)
□ Arrange local agent for on-site assistance
□ Understand the inspection process and expected time
□ Maintain communication channels with customs
□ Prepare contingency plans
VI. Risk Management and Emergency Plans
6.1 Transportation Risk Prevention and Control
Main Risk Types and Countermeasures:
- 1. Magnetic Field Interference Risk
- Prevention: Professional shielding packaging
- Monitoring: Magnetic field monitoring equipment during transport
- Response: Emergency isolation procedures
- Packaging Damage Risk
- Prevention: Reinforced packaging design
- Monitoring: GPS + vibration monitoring
- Response: Spare packaging materials with the shipment
- Customs Clearance Delay Risk
- Prevention: Complete and accurate documentation
- Monitoring: Customs clearance status tracking
- Response: Rapid response mechanism
- Transportation Accident Risk
- Prevention: Selection of qualified carriers
- Monitoring: Real-time tracking system
- Response: Insurance claims process
6.2 Insurance Scheme Design
Recommended Insurance Coverage:
Basic Insurance (Required):
✓ Total Loss
✓ General Average
✓ Salvage Expenses
Extended Insurance (Recommended):
✓ All Risks
✓ War Risks
✓ Strike/Riot Risks
✓ Terminal Inspection Risks
Special Clauses (Magnetic Products):
✓ Losses caused by magnetic field interference
✓ Special packaging costs
✓ Inspection and Testing Costs
✓ Third-Party Liability Insurance (Minimum €5 million)
Premium Estimate:
Value 0-€50,000: Rate 0.15-0.25%
Value €50,001-€200,000: Rate 0.1-0.18%
Value over €200,000: Rate 0.08-0.12%
VII. Cost Optimization Strategies
7.1 Cost Composition Analysis
Typical Transportation Cost Breakdown (Taking Full Container Load by Sea as an Example):
- Domestic Costs (15%)
- Pickup Fee: €100-200
- Packaging Fee: €500-1500 (depending on product)
- Documentation Fee: €200-300
- Customs Clearance Fee: €150-250
- International Sea Freight (50%)
- Sea Freight: €1500-3000/20GP
- Fuel surcharge: €300-500
- Safety surcharge: €100-200
- Dangerous goods surcharge: €200-400
- Destination charges (35%)
- Customs clearance fee: €300-500
- Customs duty/VAT: based on cargo value
- Port fees: €400-600
- Delivery fee: €200-800 (based on distance)
7.2 Cost Reduction and Efficiency Improvement Techniques
Packaging Optimization
Standardized Packaging Design
Lightweight Material Selection
Reusable Packaging
Logistics Optimization
Bulk Shipping Discounts
Choose Economical Shipping Routes
Avoid Peak Season Shipping
Customs Clearance Optimization
Accurate Classification to Reduce Tariffs
Utilize Free Trade Agreement Benefits
Advance Declaration to Accelerate Processes
Inventory Optimization
European Overseas Warehouse Stocking
JIT Just-In-Time Replenishment
Multi-Warehouse Distribution Strategy
VIII. Digital Tools and Technology Applications
8.1 Smart Tracking System
Recommended Technology Combination: 1. GPS Tracker
- Real-time location monitoring
- Geofencing alarm
- Temperature and humidity sensing
- Magnetic field monitoring equipment
- Continuous magnetic field strength monitoring
- Abnormal change alarm
- Data recording and analysis
- Blockchain traceability
- Full transportation record
- Unalterable documents
- Automatic customs clearance integration
8.2 Software and Platform
Transportation management platform: Flexport, Freightos
Customs declaration software: AEB, Customs Info
Compliance management tools: Assent Compliance, Source Intelligence
Packaging design software: SolidWorks, ArtiosCAD
IX. Successful Case Reference
Case 1: Export of permanent magnet motors to Germany
Challenges: Strong magnetic field, heavy weight (500kg/unit), precision and fragile
Solutions:
- Customized steel shielded box (lined with shock-absorbing material)
- Professional demagnetization treatment with certification
- Choosing China-Europe freight train + German truck delivery
- Full-process GPS + magnetic field monitoring
Results: 22-day transit time, 30% cost reduction, zero damage rate
Case 2: Export of Magnetic Medical Devices to France
Challenges: High value (€50,000/unit), temperature-sensitive, urgent need
Solutions:
- Temperature-controlled packaging + magnetic field shielding composite design
- Direct air freight to Paris
- Advance customs clearance arrangements
- Specialized insurance coverage
Results: Delivery in 5 days, smooth passage through French customs, customer satisfaction
X. Future Trends and Preparations
10.1 2024-2025 Regulatory Trends
Digital Product Passport: EU plans to introduce a traceability system for magnetic materials
Sustainability Requirements: Recycling ratio requirements
Supply Chain Due Diligence: Expanded application of the German Supply Chain Law
Carbon Tariff Mechanism: Impact of the gradual implementation of CBAM
10.2 Enterprise Preparation Recommendations
Technology Upgrade: Invest in R&D of low magnetic field strength products
Certification First: Obtain the necessary certifications for new regulations in advance
Local Deployment: Consider local assembly or packaging in Europe
Digitalization: Establish a comprehensive traceability system
Partnership: Deeply cooperate with professional European logistics providers
Practical Checklist
Pre-shipment Inspection Checklist
□ Product passes magnetic testing and obtains valid report
□ Professional shielding packaging completed with photographic documentation
□ All necessary labels correctly affixed to the outside of the packaging
□ Shipping documents complete and accurate (English version)
□ Dangerous goods space booked and confirmed
□ Sufficient transport insurance purchased
□ Confirmed arrival time to the consignee
□ Emergency contact person and plan prepared
Logistics Provider Evaluation Form
Qualification Requirements:
□ IATA/IMDG/ADR dangerous goods qualification
□ European local customs clearance capability
□ Experience in transporting magnetic products
□ Insurance and claims protection
□ Emergency response resources
Service Standards:
□ Timely response (within 4 hours)
□ Transparent and reasonable pricing
□ Professional advice provided
□ Technical monitoring capability
□ Customer feedback is positive.
Final reminder: Exporting magnetic products to Europe requires professional and meticulous planning. For your first export, it’s recommended to start with small batches and gradually scale up after gaining experience. Partnering with experienced logistics providers, regularly monitoring regulatory updates, and establishing sound internal processes are key to ensuring successful exports.
This guide is based on the latest regulations of 2024. Please consult a professional advisor to confirm the latest requirements before proceeding. We wish you a successful export!