Analysis of the sensitive goods list: Which goods require special licenses for export?

1. Definition and classification of sensitive goods
   Sensitive goods refer to goods that are subject to special controls in international trade and require special permission from the exporting or importing country’s government to trade across borders. Such goods usually involve areas such as national security, public health, environmental protection or international treaty restrictions.
2. Common export commodities that require special licenses
3. Military and dual-use goods
   Weapons and ammunition: guns, ammunition, military equipment, etc.
   Dual-use items: dual-use technology, nuclear materials, missile technology, etc.
   Riot control equipment: police equipment, riot control equipment, etc.
4. Chemicals and dangerous goods
   Precursor chemicals: chemical precursors that can be used to make drugs
   Dangerous chemicals: highly toxic, flammable, explosive, and corrosive substances
   Ozone-depleting substances: chemicals controlled by the Montreal Protocol
5. Biological and pharmaceutical products
   Human genetic resources: blood, tissue samples, etc.
   Endangered species: plants and animals listed in the Appendix of the CITES Convention and their products
   Drugs and medical devices: special drugs, psychotropic drugs, etc.
6. High-tech products and technologies
   Encryption technology products: high-level encryption software and hardware
   Semiconductor technology: advanced chip manufacturing equipment and technology
   Aerospace technology: aircraft engines, navigation systems, etc.
7. Cultural and artistic works
   Cultural relics: antiques with historical and artistic value
   Artworks: protected cultural property
8. Other controlled goods
   Rare earth materials: strategic mineral resources

Food and agricultural products: agricultural products that are restricted from export by some countries

Waste materials: electronic waste, scrap metal, etc.

III. Key points of license application process
Commodity classification: accurately determine the HS code and control category of the commodity

Application materials preparation: including technical description, end-user certificate, etc.

Submit application: submit to the competent authorities such as commerce and customs

Approval process: may require joint review by multiple departments

License use: pay attention to validity period and use restrictions

IV. International differences and compliance recommendations
Different countries have different definitions and control levels of sensitive goods

Before exporting, it is necessary to understand the import control requirements of the destination country at the same time

It is recommended to establish a complete export compliance system

Regularly update the control list knowledge and pay attention to policy changes

V. Consequences of violations
Exporting sensitive goods without obtaining the necessary license may result in:

Goods are seized or confiscated

High fines

The company is blacklisted

Criminal liability (in serious cases)

It is recommended that companies consult professional trade compliance consultants or confirm the commodity control status with the competent authorities before exporting to ensure trade compliance.