由 caicai8478 China implements classified management of import and export goods. Some goods involving national security, public interests, ecological environment and international obligations require special licenses for export. The following are the main classifications and precautions:
- Military products, police equipment and related technologies
Controlled items: firearms and ammunition, police equipment, military equipment, explosives and related technologies.
Licensing requirements: It is necessary to obtain the “Military Products Export License” through the approval of the national military product export authority (such as the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense).
- Nuclear materials and dual-use items
Controlled items: nuclear materials, nuclear equipment, centrifuges, uranium enrichment technology, etc. (refer to the “Nuclear Export Control List”).
Licensing requirements: The Ministry of Commerce needs to issue the “Dual-Use Items and Technology Export License”, and some need to be approved by the United Nations.
- Chemicals and toxic substances
Controlled items:
Precursor chemicals (such as ephedrine, sulfuric acid, etc., refer to the “Regulations on the Management of Precursor Chemicals”).
Monitored chemicals (such as chemical weapons precursors, which must comply with the “Chemical Weapons Convention”).
Licensing requirements: A license must be applied for from the Ministry of Commerce or the chemical industry authority.
IV. Biological products and pathogens
Controlled items: Human/animal pathogens (such as COVID-19 samples), gene editing materials, and biological samples of endangered species.
Licensing requirements: Approval is required from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Health Commission, or the General Administration of Customs, and compliance with the Biosafety Law and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
V. High-tech and equipment
Controlled items:
Encryption technology/equipment (such as ciphers, quantum communication technology).
High-performance computers, semiconductor technology (such as lithography machines), and drones (some models).
Rare earth and processing technology (restricted by the “Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited and Restricted from Export in China”).
Licensing requirements: Approval is required from the Ministry of Commerce or the Ministry of Science and Technology, and some items must pass security review.
VI. Cultural relics and cultural heritage
Controlled items: Precious cultural relics, ancient books, and artworks (the age limit is usually before 1949).
Licensing requirements: The State Administration of Cultural Heritage must issue a “Cultural Relics Exit Permit”, and the customs will release it based on the permit.
VII. Other sensitive materials
Drugs and medical devices: narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs require the approval of the State Food and Drug Administration.
Food and seeds: Some crop seeds require approval from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
Data and maps: Data involving national geographic information must be approved by the surveying and mapping authorities.
Notes
Dynamic adjustment: The control list may change with policies (such as technical controls in Sino-US trade frictions).
Export compliance: It is recommended to confirm the latest requirements through the China International Trade “Single Window” or consult a professional agency.
Consequences of violations: Unauthorized exports may face administrative penalties or criminal liability (according to the “Export Control Law” and “Customs Law”).
If you need to query specific commodity codes (HS Code), please refer to the “Import and Export Tariff of the People’s Republic of China” or contact the customs hotline 12360. It is recommended to entrust the compliance team to conduct risk assessment before exporting.