由 caicai8478 I. Definition and Classification of Dangerous Goods and Sensitive Goods
- Definition and Classification of Dangerous Goods
According to China’s “Regulations on the Safety Management of Dangerous Chemicals” and international standards:
Class 1: Explosives
Class 2: Compressed Gases and Liquefied Gases
Class 3: Flammable Liquids
Class 4: Flammable Solids, Self-Ignition Articles and Articles that are Flammable When Wet
Class 5: Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides
Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Articles
Class 7: Radioactive Articles
Class 8: Corrosive Articles
Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances and Articles
- Definition and common types of sensitive goods
Batteries: lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc.
Magnetic items: speakers, motors, etc.
Liquids/pastes/powders: cosmetics, medicines, chemicals
Alcohol-containing items: perfumes, disinfectants, etc.
Food/drugs: require special quarantine
Branded/imitation brand items: involving intellectual property rights
Electronic equipment: containing electromagnetic components
Sharp items: knives, tools, etc.
II. Special requirements for Chinese exports - Regulations and standards
“Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law of the People’s Republic of China”
“Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals”
“Inspection Procedures for Export Dangerous Goods Packaging”
“International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code” (IMDG)
“International Air Transport Dangerous Goods Code” (IATA DGR)
- Necessary procedures before export
Dangerous goods identification report: issued by a CNAS-accredited laboratory
MSDS report: Chemical Safety Data Sheet (Chinese and English)
Cargo Transportation Conditions Identification Certificate
Dangerous Goods Package Certificate: Performance Test Result Sheet for Export Dangerous Goods Packaging Containers
Export License: Some dangerous goods require approval from the Ministry of Commerce
Commodity Inspection: Legally inspected goods require export commodity inspection
- Packaging requirements
Packaging that meets UN specifications
Clear and durable hazardous goods labels
Packaging must pass drop, stacking and other tests
Lithium batteries must have short-circuit protection measures
III. Selection of cross-border transportation methods
- Special requirements for air transport
Strictly comply with IATA DGR regulations
Lithium batteries must meet PI965-PI970 requirements
Some hazardous goods are prohibited from air transport
Need to report to the airline in advance
- Special requirements for sea transport
Comply with IMDG Code regulations
Correctly declare the category of hazardous goods
Containers must be correctly labeled
Some ports have special restrictions on hazardous goods
- Special requirements for land transport
Comply with the “Road Dangerous Goods Transport Management Regulations”
Vehicles must have hazardous goods transportation qualifications
Drivers must be certified to work
IV. Special regulations for major countries/regions
- US market
EPA certification (Environmental Protection Agency)
DOT certification (Department of Transportation)
Lithium batteries must comply with UL standards
FDA registration (food, drug, cosmetics)
- EU market
REACH regulations
CLP regulations (classification, labeling and packaging)
CE certification
Battery Directive 2006/66/EC - Japanese market
Chemical Substance Review Law (CSCL)
Fire Protection Law on Dangerous Goods
PSE certification (electronic and electrical products)
V. Solutions to common problems
Incomplete documents: prepare for various certifications 2-3 months in advance
Transport rejection: choose a professional dangerous goods freight forwarder
Customs clearance delay: provide complete and accurate copies of documents
Unqualified packaging: use a qualified packaging supplier
Destination country restrictions: check the latest regulations of the destination country in advance
VI. Recommended professional service agencies
Testing agencies: SGS, BV, CTI Huace Testing
Certification agencies: CQC, TÜV, Intertek
Professional freight forwarders: Sinotrans, DHL Global Forwarding, DB Schenker
VII. Latest policy developments (updated in 2024)
China implements “white list” management for lithium battery exports
EU amends REACH regulations to restrict 54 hazardous chemicals
US strengthens control over e-cigarette exports to China
Cross-border e-commerce B2B export dangerous goods pilot policy expanded
Important reminder: Dangerous and sensitive goods export policies change frequently. It is recommended to confirm the latest requirements with professional freight forwarders and inspection agencies before each shipment to avoid returns, fines or legal risks due to non-compliance.